Themes
Market Structure

Market Structure

Monopoly/state-operator models, competitive landscape, ownership, product verticals and distribution.

Flags
324
Jurisdictions
89
Read order
Theme-major

Cross-jurisdiction posture cluster

324 flags across 89 jurisdictions. Posture mass: Rules 121 · Risks 77 · Reality 126.

Worked examples

Each links back to the full jurisdiction page — the theme view is a projection of those country ledgers.

🇰🇷 Republic of Korea (South Korea) →
Private sports betting

KSPO holds exclusive monopoly.

11 market structure flags on this jurisdiction · see full country page
Indiana — State →
Offering online casino (iGaming)

iGaming is not legal in Indiana; prohibited.

10 market structure flags on this jurisdiction · see full country page
🇭🇰 Hong Kong SAR →
Offering online casino to HK residents

Prohibited under Cap. 148; no licensing avenue

8 market structure flags on this jurisdiction · see full country page

Rules · Risks · Reality across the cohort

Lens · which facet of each jurisdiction’s flags:
Showing all facets.
Law 18-05 bans gambling e-commerce

Forecloses any online operator legal basis.

SRC-DZ-007
Attempting private lottery operation

Lottery and pool-betting are constitutionally reserved to the state.

SRC-AR-006
Offering online lottery (non-instant)

State monopoly since Feb 2021.

SRC-BG-003
UBO from sanctioned jurisdiction (e.g. Russia, Iran)

Ineligibility; application rejection.

SRC-CW-009
Admitting Egyptians to hotel casinos

Carve-out is foreigner-only; admitting locals breaches the exception.

SRC-EG-006
Casino, poker, online casino all prohibited

No legal market for these verticals; all are Cap. 148 offences.

SRC-CN-HK-001
Offering online casino to HK residents

Prohibited under Cap. 148; no licensing avenue

SRC-HK-007
Offering online casino (iGaming)

iGaming is not legal in Indiana; prohibited.

SRC-US-IN-010
Running Google/Meta gambling ads in Italy

Effectively prohibited by Decreto Dignità.

SRC-IT-003
Macao SARCritical
Marketing mass-market online gambling to Macao or via Macao to mainland China

No online mass-market licence exists; offshore online targeting the mainland is an enforcement target.

SRC-CN-MO-001
Offering sports-related event/prediction-market contracts

MGC formally prohibited this in Nov 2025 with revocation risk.

SRC-US-MA-005
Private sports betting

KSPO holds exclusive monopoly.

SRC-KR-001
Serving LK residents via offshore unlicensed site

Explicitly illegal post-1 Dec 2025; GRA may block and prosecute.

SRC-LK-006
Offering iGaming/online casino

iGaming is not legal in Tennessee.

SRC-US-TN-009
Online gambling explicitly prohibited

Offshore platforms serving Thai players are unlawful and actively blocked.

SRC-TH-006
Promosport exclusivity in betting & lottery

No competitive entry in betting/lottery

SRC-TN-004
Offering online casino games

iGaming remains prohibited after 2026 bills failed.

SRC-US-VA-012
No local SA/SRL entity per province

A local entity is required per province.

SRC-AR-012
Underpricing the illegal-market headwind

Illegal sites are estimated to dominate the market, eroding licensed channel share.

SRC-AR-010
Compact non-compliance

Tribal operators face concurrent tribal commission and NIGC oversight.

SRC-US-AZ-001
No B2B pathway (absent_no_pathway)

Software/platform supply has no lawful route and is facilitation.

SRC-BD-009
National Lottery monopoly

Online lottery reserved to state monopoly.

SRC-BE-004
Meta ads prohibited

Social ad platforms closed for gambling.

SRC-BE-003
Large persistent grey/offshore market

Channelisation competition undermines licensed margins.

SRC-BR-012
Launching crypto gambling targeting BC

Crypto gambling treated as prohibited.

SRC-CA-BC-009
Listing a private gambling app for BC users

No private gambling apps are authorised for BC residents.

SRC-CA-BC-009
Ignoring Cullen Commission AML context in BC operations

AML failings drove the reform; scrutiny is elevated.

SRC-CA-BC-011
Sweepstakes casino ban (PA 25-112)

Sweepstakes models prohibited from 1 Oct 2025.

SRC-US-CT-016
Entering domestic lottery

JPS holds a state monopoly.

SRC-CR-002
No Curaçao-resident managing director or local office

Mandatory substance condition; application failure.

SRC-CW-012
Acquiring a transitional shell with poor historic compliance record

Inherited liability can cause green-seal rejection.

SRC-CW-010
Population ~1M

Caps total addressable market regardless of structure.

SRC-US-DE-010
Single exclusive operator (BetRivers/RSI)

No competitive operator entry possible under exclusive contract.

SRC-US-DE-009
Offering sports betting to under-18s

Prohibited.

SRC-DK-002
~50% channelisation

Large persistent offshore share threatens licensed economics.

SRC-FI-007
Unlicensed black-site proliferation

Untaxed competitors undercut licensed operators.

SRC-GH-008
Slot stake over £5/£2

Breach of mandatory licence condition.

SRC-GB-003
Prediction markets treated as illegal gambling

US-style prediction-market platforms (Polymarket, Kalshi) used for sports outcomes are unlawful in HK.

SRC-CN-HK-009
Online casino/poker legality uncertain but unsafe

Statute drafted for physical gambling; offering real-money online games carries prosecution risk.

SRC-CN-HK-007
No land-based casinos in HK

Casino entry requires relocation to Macau; not possible in HK.

SRC-CN-HK-007
Monopoly concentration = single counterparty

Any commercial relationship requires HKJC; no alternative.

SRC-CN-HK-012
Publishing gambling app/ads targeting HK

Ad platforms and app stores restrict; promotion of unauthorised gambling criminalised

SRC-HK-007
Launching mixed skill/chance product

Broad statutory 'gaming' definition captures mixed skill/chance

SRC-HK-010
Supplying platform/software to a HK gambling operator

No B2B licensing pathway; HKJC vertically integrated

SRC-HK-007
Esports betting product targeting HK

Prohibited; no licensing

SRC-HK-007
App-store listing of money games

Prohibited; removable via blocking.

SRC-IN-001
Operating online poker

Online poker is not authorised.

SRC-US-IN-010
Operating dual/multi-currency sweepstakes casino post 1 July 2026

HB 1052 classifies the vertical as illegal gambling from that date.

SRC-US-IN-011
Crypto-gambling offering

No IGC-approved crypto pathway exists.

SRC-US-IN-010
Selling lottery products outside Hoosier Lottery monopoly

Lottery is monopolised; iLottery not yet enacted.

SRC-US-IN-012
PSE registration enforcement (Cloudflare warning)

Infrastructure providers face access termination.

SRC-ID-004
Supplying software to operators targeting PK

No B2B pathway exists; supply facilitates unlawful gambling.

SRC-PK-001
Affiliate marketing of gambling

Affiliates cannot lawfully advertise gambling.

SRC-IT-003
Distributing real-money gambling apps to JP users

App stores do not permit them; the Sep 2025 amendment bans new online casino apps.

SRC-JP-008
Offering online poker

Online poker remains outside the legal licensing perimeter.

SRC-KZ-006
Majority Latvian/EU ownership; non-EU capped at 49%

Limits structuring for non-EU groups.

SRC-LV-011
Small market; online GGR ~10x below Estonia

Standalone Latvia entry rarely justifies fixed costs.

SRC-LV-012
Reliance on legacy VIP/junket revenue model

Beijing's capital-outflow crackdown decimated the junket sector; the market pivoted to premium-mass.

SRC-CN-MO-003
Third-party satellite-floor revenue-share arrangements

Satellite casinos were eliminated; consolidation ended 31 December 2025.

SRC-CN-MO-010
Failing investment / non-gaming diversification commitments

Article-22 three-year review assesses fulfilment of contractual targets.

SRC-CN-MO-008
Offering online poker

Online poker is not legalised in MA.

SRC-US-MA-007
Lottery-style products outside the State Lottery

Lottery is a state monopoly.

SRC-US-MA-001
Crypto gambling

No MGC-approved pathway for crypto gambling.

SRC-US-MA-001
Supplying wagering-affecting services without supplier licence

R 432.623 requires supplier licensing.

SRC-US-MI-008
Offering lottery products outside Lottery Bureau

Lottery is a state monopoly carved out of LIGA.

SRC-US-MI-002
Single legal operator (MDJS) per vertical

Monopoly concentration; no competitive entry.

SRC-MA-008
Supplying gaming software to local operators online

No B2B pathway; supply for online gambling prohibited.

SRC-NP-003
Offering crypto gambling to NB residents

Outside monopoly authorisation; prohibited though unenforced.

SRC-CA-NB-001
Offering racing/sports betting to NZ residents

TAB NZ monopoly; offshore bookmakers banned since 27 June 2025.

SRC-NZ-002
Offering lottery-like products competing with Lotto NZ

Licences will not be granted for products substantially similar to protected lotteries.

SRC-NZ-004
App-store and ad-platform closure

No legitimate distribution channels for offshore operators.

SRC-NO-011
Unlicensed brick-and-mortar venue

Coordinated raids conducted on unlicensed betting houses.

SRC-PE-007
Supplying without PAGCOR accreditation

Operators prohibited from using unaccredited vendors from Q1 2026.

SRC-PH-010
EU/EEA operator without a Polish branch/representative

Branch/representative required for non-PL entities

SRC-PL-010
No private app distribution to QC residents

App-store and platform routes closed.

SRC-CA-QC-008
Affiliate marketing prohibited for unlicensed operators

Affiliate acquisition is unlawful.

SRC-CA-QC-001
No B2B licensing pathway

Suppliers cannot license to private operators.

SRC-CA-QC-001
Software supply to KR-facing operator

No B2B pathway; prohibited.

SRC-KR-002
Crypto gambling targeting KR

Prohibited; AML predicate.

SRC-KR-010
Game-money to cash conversion

Crosses GIPA gambling line.

SRC-KR-002
Admitting Korean nationals to foreigner-only casino

Breach of Tourism Promotion Act licence.

SRC-KR-004
Private horse-race betting

KRA holds sole authority.

SRC-KR-013
Private lottery

Single state provider.

SRC-KR-004
~1.1M population

Tiny addressable market caps absolute revenue.

SRC-US-RI-004
Monopoly/near-monopoly structure

Only one iGaming and (until Nov 2026) one sports operator.

SRC-US-RI-009
Court of Accounts found ~€1bn lost revenue / ONJN IT failures

Regulator under political pressure to tighten and recover.

SRC-RO-008
Expatriate staff involvement in gambling

Typically results in deportation and permanent re-entry ban.

SRC-SA-008
Assuming a state-lottery carve-out exists

Unlike CN/VN/KR, Saudi Arabia has NO state-lottery exception.

SRC-SA-001
Supplying gambling software to any Saudi-facing entity

No B2B pathway; supply is facilitation of a criminal activity.

SRC-SA-009
Jackpot game without annual UIS approval

Jackpots require per-operator annual approval and certification.

SRC-RS-002
Online casino/poker never permitted

No pathway even for exempt operators.

SRC-SG-010
No B2B supplier licence class

Supplying private operators serving SG is exposed.

SRC-SG-002
Offshore black-market persistence

Channelisation undermined by anonymous offshore sites.

SRC-SK-007
Distributing gambling apps via Apple/Google in VN

Decree 147/2024 compels removal of violating apps.

SRC-VN-007
Selling lottery online or proxy-buying foreign lottery

MOF declared online lottery sale and proxy-buying illegal.

SRC-VN-008
Supplying gambling platform/software locally

No B2B agrément exists; supply implicates organising-gambling liability.

SRC-VN-001
Offering online poker / cash games to locals

Card games of chance for money are explicitly banned.

SRC-VN-007
Allowing non-qualifying Vietnamese nationals to gamble

Pilot access is tightly conditioned (21+, income, ticket).

SRC-VN-001
Non-EEA incorporation

Applicants must be EEA-established as SA or equivalent.

SRC-ES-012
Offering unregulated game types

Only games within statutory definitions may be offered.

SRC-ES-006
Foreign entity without local registration

Only locally-incorporated/registered companies may hold a licence.

SRC-LK-007
Competing with NLB/DLB lottery monopoly

Lotteries reserved to state boards; private lottery prohibited.

SRC-LK-007
Offering lottery outside monopoly/charity reservation

Lottery reserved to state/public-benefit sector.

SRC-SE-008
Chance-based prop wagers

Predominantly-chance props prohibited under Article XI, Section 5 of the Tennessee Constitution.

SRC-US-TN-001
Sports-related prediction-market contracts

SWC ordered Kalshi, Polymarket and Crypto.com to cease in January 2026.

SRC-US-TN-008
Offering online poker

Online poker is not legal; no MSIGA participation.

SRC-US-TN-009
Crypto gambling pathway assumed

No SWC-approved crypto gambling pathway.

SRC-US-TN-009
Offshore market >26% of interactive gross win

Significant leakage to unlicensed operators undermines licensed economics.

SRC-UG-006
Active unlicensed/black market

Offshore and crypto operators undercut licensed margins.

SRC-UA-006
Crypto gambling / sweepstakes / DFS

No GCGRA pathway; high criminal risk under Penal Code.

SRC-AE-001
Operating in tribal gaming areas without a compact

IGRA Class III requires a tribal-state compact and NIGC oversight.

SRC-US-004
Accepting wagers on in-state college teams

Statutorily prohibited; voids permit compliance.

SRC-US-VA-001
Undisclosed 5%+ owners

Beneficial-ownership disclosure mandatory.

SRC-US-VA-002
App stores exclude DZ gambling apps

No app distribution channel.

SRC-DZ-003
PSA/PMU sole authorised entities

No private participation possible in permitted channels.

SRC-DZ-005
Seeking a standalone B2B licence

No B2B pathway exists; suppliers must contract with B2C licensees.

SRC-AR-005
Grey market ~70-80% of online play

Channelisation failure signals weak monopoly effectiveness but high legal risk for offshore actors.

SRC-AT-004
Ad-platform and app-store restrictions for unlicensed offerings

Acquisition channels legally precarious.

SRC-AT-002
Gambling apps unavailable on Google Play / App Store for BD

Forces unsafe sideloading; no compliant distribution path.

SRC-BD-005
Treating fantasy sports as clearly legal

Fantasy sports occupy a grey zone in BC.

SRC-CA-BC-006
Assuming ministerial sign-off slows IGCO action

IGCO can issue binding directives without ministerial consent.

SRC-CA-BC-005
Overestimating addressable legal market

Only ~51% of online spend is captured legally; the rest is unlawful.

SRC-CA-BC-007
Offering sweepstakes-style products to BC residents

Sweepstakes treated as restricted.

SRC-CA-BC-009
No B2B supplier licence pathway

Suppliers have no clear route to supply locally-licensed operators.

SRC-CM-002
No B2B pathway

Suppliers have no licensing route to locally-licensed operators.

SRC-CL-006
No B2B pathway

Suppliers have no licensing route to locally-licensed operators.

SRC-CL-006
No B2B pathway

Suppliers have no licensing route to locally-licensed operators.

SRC-CL-006
Small population ~3.6M

Caps addressable market and growth.

SRC-US-CT-012
MSIGA participation unverified

Cross-state poker liquidity cannot be assumed.

SRC-US-CT-005
Crypto gambling has no approved pathway

No DCP-approved crypto gambling route.

SRC-US-CT-005
Skill/chance line drawn against pick'em

Skill-game framing rejected for pick'em formats.

SRC-US-CT-010
Planning App Store / Play distribution

No recognised licence — stores will not list CR-registered gambling apps.

SRC-CR-006
Lottery is state monopoly

Lottery products closed to private operators.

SRC-HR-002
B2B pathway unclear

Suppliers face uncertainty.

SRC-HR-001
Offshore EU sites reach players

Leakage to unlicensed channels.

SRC-HR-003
App distribution without monitoring blacklist

Blacklisted apps must be blocked; interface operators carry monitoring duties.

SRC-CZ-012
Underestimating incumbent concentration

Top five operators hold ~80% of GGR.

SRC-CZ-010
Neighbouring states (PA/MD) draw spend

Cross-border competition erodes Delaware sales.

SRC-US-DE-011
Land-based betting without Player ID

Anonymous land-based betting prohibited since 2021.

SRC-DK-002
Operating digital platform without local legal representative

Draft framework mandates accredited local legal representative for accountability.

SRC-EG-011
B2B software licence not yet available

Suppliers cannot license until July 2027; mandatory use July 2028.

SRC-FI-005
Veikkaus competes in open verticals

Incumbent with brand and data competes for online share.

SRC-FI-005
Ad-platform policy breach

Google/Meta restrict to licensed entities.

SRC-FR-003
Ad-platform policy breach

Google/Meta restrict to licensed entities.

SRC-FR-003
Ad-platform policy breach

Google/Meta restrict to licensed entities.

SRC-FR-003
Mandatory ≥10% Ghanaian ownership

Forces local JV structuring.

SRC-GH-006
No B2B licence pathway

Suppliers must route via licensed operators.

SRC-GH-005
Lottery monopolised under NLA

Lottery products reserved to state operator.

SRC-GH-011
GIPC US$500k minimum foreign capital

Additional foreign-investment capital floor.

SRC-GH-007
Failure to identify group accounts

WHG fined £82,687 August 2025.

SRC-GB-009
OPAP incumbent dominance

Strong domestic competitor.

SRC-GR-010
OPAP VLT monopoly (25,000 cap)

VLT channel closed to entrants.

SRC-GR-012
Large illegal market (HK$70-90bn basketball alone)

Sizeable unmet demand channelled to black market, but inaccessible legally.

SRC-CN-HK-008
Bets on local teams/HK matches banned

Even HKJC cannot offer betting on Hong Kong teams or locally-played matches.

SRC-CN-HK-006
Running a commercial lottery/sweepstake

Only narrow charitable/promotional lotteries licensed by OLA

SRC-HK-003
Paid fantasy sports targeting HK

Likely caught by broad gambling definition; prohibited

SRC-HK-010
Using HK HQ for offshore gambling ops

HQ legitimacy does not legalise gambling activity reaching HK residents

SRC-HK-008
Concession concentration (LVC Diamond)

Market dominated by politically connected concessionaire.

SRC-HU-012
Retail betting remains a state monopoly

Only online sports betting is open; retail is reserved to Szerencsejáték Zrt.

SRC-HU-005
Online poker reserved to casino concessionaires

Standalone online poker entry is closed.

SRC-HU-006
No standalone B2B supplier licence pathway

Suppliers appear only via operator systems-audit certification, not a licensable class.

SRC-HU-007
App stores restrict gambling apps for Iceland

Distribution channels closed for unlicensed apps.

SRC-IS-005
Google/Meta ad restrictions for Iceland gambling

Paid acquisition channels blocked.

SRC-IS-008
Offering esports/high-school/youth markets without IGC approval

IGC bans these markets absent specific approval.

SRC-US-IN-006
Prediction-market products marketed as betting

Contested legality; state regulators may treat as illegal gambling.

SRC-US-IN-004
Assuming state licence covers tribal-land operations

Pokagon reservation operates under compact/IGRA, not state licence.

SRC-US-IN-004
Offering pick'em DFS without compliant licensing

Pick'em/prediction DFS formats face evolving IGC scrutiny.

SRC-US-IN-004
App store removals

Apps unavailable on iOS/Google Play.

SRC-ID-004
Assuming a state-lottery carve-out exists

Pakistan has no state lottery; no carve-out from prohibition.

SRC-PK-001
Marketing a 'skill' product to evade the ban

Skill/chance line is applied through enforcement practice; risk is high.

SRC-PK-002
DO resident off-Island without OM

An on-Island Operations Manager is then required.

SRC-IM-007
DO resident off-Island without OM

An on-Island Operations Manager is then required.

SRC-IM-007
DO resident off-Island without OM

An on-Island Operations Manager is then required.

SRC-IM-007
RTI/temporary grouping not converted to limited company

Must convert before signing the new agreement.

SRC-IT-006
Seeking a standalone ADM B2B licence

No ADM B2B concession pathway exists; supply contracts only.

SRC-IT-004
Offering bingo or sweepstakes online

Prohibited products online.

SRC-KZ-002
Distributing unlicensed gambling apps

App-level blocking infrastructure exists.

SRC-KZ-010
Lottery reserved to state-owned Latvijas Loto

No private lottery pathway nationally.

SRC-LV-005
No clear standalone B2B operator licence

Supplier route relies on certification, not a B2B licence.

SRC-LV-002
24 hall closures after 2024 tax rise

Sector contraction signals fiscal-pressure risk.

SRC-LV-008
Failing key-employee suitability for compliance/legal/IT heads

2022 amendments designate top compliance/legal/IT roles as key employees requiring suitability.

SRC-CN-MO-002
Fit-and-proper UBO/key-person vetting

Application failure risk on probity grounds.

SRC-MT-008
Aggressive C&D enforcement; HB 295 ban pending

Sweepstakes operators face exit pressure and possible statutory ban in 2027.

SRC-US-MD-008
Kalshi active legal challenge by MD regulators

Regulatory uncertainty for prediction-market exposure.

SRC-US-MD-007
Wagering on MA collegiate teams outside tournaments

Prohibited under MGC catalog rules.

SRC-US-MA-001
Wagering on Russian/Belarusian-governed events

Not permitted in the Commonwealth.

SRC-US-MA-001
Operating dual-currency sweepstakes casinos

Grey-zone status; future legislation may criminalise the model.

SRC-US-MA-007
Offering pick'em-style fantasy contests

Pick'em contests restricted from 2023.

SRC-US-MI-012
Assuming MGCB authority over Indian-lands gaming

Tribal Class III gaming on Indian lands is carved out; NIGC governs.

SRC-US-MI-002
Operating sweepstakes casino with real prizes

Grey-zone; subject to evolving national regulatory pressure.

SRC-US-MI-013
App store distribution to MM

Apple/Google block gambling apps for MM.

SRC-MM-001
App-store listing for Nepal

Gambling apps unavailable; listings would breach policy and law.

SRC-NP-006
Treating NB independently of ALC four-province model

Online supply is inter-provincial via ALC.

SRC-CA-NB-011
Launching social/sweepstakes casino

Grey-zone status; legal ambiguity.

SRC-CA-NB-009
Daily fantasy sports operation

Grey-zone; not separately authorised.

SRC-CA-NB-009
Seeking new land-based casino concession

Two incumbents; no open tender identified.

SRC-CA-NB-001
App-store listing of non-ALC gambling app for NB

Distribution effectively foreclosed.

SRC-CA-NB-001
Overestimating addressable market

Small population (~800k); no province-level GGR published.

SRC-CA-NB-009
High concentration among multistate giants

New entrants face dominant incumbents (Borgata, DK, FD).

SRC-NJ-001
Seneca compact escrow dispute history

Revenue-reliability risk on tribal arrangements.

SRC-NY-002
Tribal exclusivity zones in Western NY

8-county zone off-limits to commercial gaming.

SRC-NY-002
Concentrated 9-operator market

Top brands dominate; little room for share gain.

SRC-NY-005
Listing real-money casino apps for NZ users

App-store distribution restricted pending licensing.

SRC-NZ-004
No geo-fencing on FSGRN URC operations

FSGRN requires geo-fencing/geo-tracking

SRC-NG-005
Inadequate director composition

Advisory sources cite minimum three directors; fit-and-proper scrutiny applies.

SRC-PA-002
Assuming open lottery access

State lottery prominent; private lottery restricted.

SRC-PA-001
Concentrated operator field

Established majors dominate iGaming share.

SRC-US-PA-008
Large illegal market

~12,000 illegal vs 77 licensed sites.

SRC-PH-009
App-store reliance

Gambling app distribution restricted.

SRC-PH-007
Crypto gambling prohibited

No lawful crypto channel.

SRC-CA-QC-001
Large offshore market share

Regulated channel captures minority of play.

SRC-CA-QC-007
Fantasy sports grey_zone

Legal status of DFS is unsettled in Quebec.

SRC-CA-QC-006
Operator is also regulator

QOGC argues this undermines player protection governance.

SRC-CA-QC-003
Loot-box / speculative monetisation

KFTC E-Commerce Act enforcement.

SRC-KR-012
Fantasy sports for KR nationals

Prohibited.

SRC-KR-002
Esports betting for KR nationals

Prohibited.

SRC-KR-002
Sweepstakes model

Risk of speculative-act classification.

SRC-KR-002
Online poker prohibited / no MSIGA

No poker liquidity pathway.

SRC-US-RI-001
Crypto gambling no pathway

No Lottery-approved crypto route.

SRC-US-RI-001
Lottery vendor approval required

Suppliers cannot supply without Lottery approval.

SRC-US-RI-002
Only two bidders for second sports licence

Weak operator appetite due to high take.

SRC-US-RI-006
Submitting gambling apps to stores for the Saudi market

App stores do not permit gambling apps targeting Saudi Arabia; CST enforces.

SRC-SA-001
Prize-linked sweepstakes with chance element

Prohibited if prize is linked to chance (maysir).

SRC-SA-001
Paid fantasy-sports contests

Prohibited — no carve-out for paid wagering contests.

SRC-SA-001
Casino tournament without UIS consent

Tournaments require prior regulator consent under 2024 changes.

SRC-RS-003
Venue too close to schools

Distance rules (100-200m) enforced under municipal audit.

SRC-RS-003
STC horse-racing exemption defunct

Online horse-race betting carve-out ended Oct 2024.

SRC-SG-011
Convertible-credit games may be 'gambling'

Social casino models risk falling in scope.

SRC-SG-013
Online casino vertical concentration

Player migration disproportionately to online casino raises RG and tightening risk.

SRC-SK-007
Offering esports betting to locals

Prohibited — outside permitted betting scope (racing/intl football).

SRC-VN-010
App-store distribution of unlicensed product

Platforms restrict gambling apps to licensed operators

SRC-ZA-009
Entering lottery space

Monopolised under National Lottery Commission

SRC-ZA-008
Employing under-21 in gambling operations

Statutory offence.

SRC-LK-007
Gambling from unregistered premises

Premises must be registered with GRA; offence otherwise.

SRC-LK-007
Treating skill/chance games as exempt

Mixed chance-and-skill historically within gambling; broad GRA definition.

SRC-LK-007
Engaging unlicensed junket operators

Licensees must ensure junket compliance and report breaches.

SRC-LK-007
Online-casino leakage to offshore

Channelisation 72–82% in casino erodes licensed-market share.

SRC-SE-003
Crypto gambling prohibited

No crypto-funded pathway.

SRC-TZ-008
Offering iLottery

Tennessee Education Lottery offers only traditional products.

SRC-US-TN-009
Ignoring consolidation pressure

Operator count fell 12→10 during 2025.

SRC-US-TN-005
Online amendment not enacted

Draft authorising online gambling stalled; no legal channel exists.

SRC-TH-010
Physical dens raided

Periodic police raids, esp. around major sporting events.

SRC-TH-013
Thai-registered company requirement (proposed)

Foreign operators cannot hold EC licence directly.

SRC-TH-009
EC bill prohibits remote/proxy/live-stream participation

Even under legalisation, online channel is excluded.

SRC-TH-007
Skill/promotional games can be penalised

Grey-zone products risk being deemed gambling.

SRC-TH-011
Casino access barred to nationals

Land-based addressable base limited to tourists

SRC-TN-010
Poker prohibited (no carve-out)

No legal poker route online or land-based

SRC-TN-001
App stores restrict gambling apps for TN

No compliant mobile distribution

SRC-TN-008
Promosport civil litigation against offshore operators

Active private-enforcement risk in addition to state action

SRC-TN-002
Crypto-gambling prohibited

No crypto wagering route

SRC-TN-012
Pending policy transfer to Ministry of Finance (15111-d)

Could re-orient regulatory priorities and oversight structure.

SRC-UA-009
Conscription of regulatory/operator staff

Human-capital disruption affecting compliance and operations.

SRC-UA-009
Offering online poker

Poker status under Internet Gaming licence unverified — do not assume permitted.

SRC-AE-003
Assuming land-based opportunity beyond Wynn

Only Wynn Al Marjan Island holds a land-based licence; 2027 opening.

SRC-AE-012
App-store submission without state gating

Apple/Google gate real-money gambling to licensed states.

SRC-US-009
No B2B supplier licensing pathway

Suppliers cannot obtain authorisation; supply is unregulated.

SRC-VE-004
Operating sweepstakes casino

Grey-zone; 2026 bills targeted bans; regional tightening.

SRC-US-VA-013
Crypto gambling offering

No Lottery-approved pathway.

SRC-US-VA-006
Wagering on unapproved leagues/events

Lottery directive limits approved leagues/events.

SRC-US-VA-006
No parent guarantee for subsidiary

Parent must guarantee first-year performance.

SRC-US-VA-002
~10 licensed operators in capped market

Near-saturation reduces new-entrant white space.

SRC-US-WV-010
No clear B2B supplier licence class

Suppliers depend on operator-level platform review; no standalone pathway.

SRC-ZM-004
Monopolist holds only ~30% of actual play

Indicates weak legal-channel attractiveness.

SRC-AT-006
Mandatory .bet.br domain

Brand/domain migration required.

SRC-BR-010
Underestimating incumbent strength

Efbet/Winbet/Palmsbet dominate a concentrated market.

SRC-BG-011
Regulator-identity ambiguity (MINATD vs Minister in charge of gaming)

Source conflict on which ministry holds authority complicates engagement.

SRC-CM-001 SRC-CM-003
Underestimating competition

49 operators / 84 sites — highly competitive acquisition environment.

SRC-CA-ON-005
Cross-border poker liquidity

Ontario poker liquidity ring-fenced to province — no shared pools.

SRC-CA-ON-004
App-store/ad-platform vertical policies

Distribution constrained absent local licensing.

SRC-CL-006
App-store/ad-platform vertical policies

Distribution constrained absent local licensing.

SRC-CL-006
App-store/ad-platform vertical policies

Distribution constrained absent local licensing.

SRC-CL-006
Concentrated market (~16 operators)

Limited slots; established incumbents dominate.

SRC-CO-004
Highly concentrated three-operator market

Limited promotional intensity and no new competition.

SRC-US-CT-015
Lottery monopoly

Online lottery reserved to CLC.

SRC-US-CT-019
High-school event betting prohibited

Statutory bar on high-school wagering.

SRC-US-CT-020
CLC sports operator turnover

Fanatics replaced PlaySugarHouse in Dec 2023 — contractual instability of the CLC slot.

SRC-US-CT-015
Crypto gambling prohibited

No Lottery-approved crypto pathway.

SRC-US-DE-003
DFS/sweepstakes in grey zone

No specific authorisation; status could change.

SRC-US-DE-009
First-proceeds priority transfer

$3.75M first-proceeds transfer precedes revenue split.

SRC-US-DE-003
App stores do not list RM gambling apps

Distribution relies on APK sideloading.

SRC-EC-005
Lottery reserved to state company

Lottery market is closed to private entrants.

SRC-EE-004
Resident director requirement

Local-presence governance obligation.

SRC-GH-007
Online horse-race betting EEA eligibility unclear

It is unclear whether EEA companies may apply for online horse-race betting licences.

SRC-HU-006
Operator-naming taxonomy inconsistent across sources

Due-diligence risk in identifying the correct counterparties.

SRC-IS-002
Underestimating regional cross-border competition

Ohio, Michigan, Illinois compete for Indiana-corridor bettors.

SRC-US-IN-009
Assuming spread betting covered by OGRA

Spread betting is excluded from OGRA.

SRC-IM-005
Assuming spread betting covered by OGRA

Spread betting is excluded from OGRA.

SRC-IM-005
Assuming spread betting covered by OGRA

Spread betting is excluded from OGRA.

SRC-IM-005
Facade restrictions; Riga hall bans

Land-based footprint shrinking.

SRC-LV-010
50% EU-resident board requirement

Governance staffing constraint.

SRC-LV-011
Skill/fantasy products restricted

Non-core verticals not clearly open.

SRC-LV-012
Google/Meta require licence certificate

Platform-level gating of ads.

SRC-LT-008
Online channel ~74% and growing fast

Land-based displacement; concentration risk.

SRC-LT-010
National Lottery single-concession monopoly

Lottery vertical closed to new entrants.

SRC-MT-003
Mandatory diversity plan for licensees

Failure to meet diversity standards risks corrective action.

SRC-US-MD-006
Neighbouring states (PA, NJ, WV, DE) have iGaming

Cross-border leakage and competitive disadvantage.

SRC-US-MD-009
No iLottery — Maryland Lottery traditional only

No online lottery channel pathway.

SRC-US-MD-009
Assuming national operator brand recognition

FanDuel/DraftKings/Fanatics/ESPN Bet skip NV; local apps dominate.

SRC-US-NV-008
Assuming online tribal gaming exists

Tribal role is minimal; no major online tribal gaming.

SRC-US-NV-006
Treating pari-mutuel as provincially licensable

Federal CPMA jurisdiction.

SRC-CA-NB-001
Misidentifying the regulator

NBLGC conducts-and-manages; Gaming Control Branch regulates — distinct roles.

SRC-CA-NB-002
Lottery state monopoly

Lottery/iLottery reserved to the state; no private entry.

SRC-US-PA-002
Declining retail slot/table revenue

Physical casino play contracted in 2025; channel shift to online.

SRC-US-PA-011
Sweepstakes grey zone

No PA-specific framework; regulatory posture could shift.

SRC-US-PA-002
Sweepstakes restricted

Sweepstakes-model entry is constrained.

SRC-CA-QC-001
DFS status unverified

Regulatory ambiguity for fantasy operators.

SRC-US-RI-002
Sweepstakes grey zone

No specific RI prohibition but uncertain status.

SRC-US-RI-002
National lottery monopoly

Lottery product reserved; not open to private competitive entry.

SRC-RW-002
30+ registered operators, fragmented

Crowded small market intensifies competition for limited GGR.

SRC-RW-009
Regulator autonomy questions

Concerns over GRA independence may affect predictability.

SRC-LK-009
Market consolidation pressure

Credit ban + tax may drive consolidation by 2027.

SRC-SE-005
Failure to report personkrets changes

New 2025 routine for reporting suitability-circle changes; supervision active.

SRC-SE-006
Misclassifying skill game

Skill games licensed separately by Gespa; no gaming tax.

SRC-CH-008
Sweepstakes prohibited

No no-prize/sweepstakes model.

SRC-TZ-008
Concentrated licensed market

Incumbent brand strength.

SRC-TZ-013
Fantasy sports not yet regulated

Status ambiguity for DFS entrants.

SRC-TZ-008
Regional IR competition (KH/VN/PH/SG)

Thai liberalisation faces first-mover-disadvantage in SEA.

SRC-TH-009
Major operators publicly cautious

Hard Rock 'zero interest' citing instability signals investor caution.

SRC-TH-003
Bingo not addressed in statute

Treated as illegal by default

SRC-TN-001
Fantasy/esports betting prohibited by default

Emerging verticals foreclosed

SRC-TN-001
Google Play restricts gambling apps

Distribution friction; sideloading dependence.

SRC-UG-002
Lottery licensing gap / monopoly transition

Lottery operated without licensing requirements pending PlayCity restart.

SRC-UA-008
Google Ads require local licence

Acquisition channel constrained for new entrants.

SRC-ZM-003
Sweepstakes prohibited

No-prize/sweepstakes models not viable as a workaround.

SRC-ZM-011